Articles

Probiotic supplementation restores normal microbiota composition and function in antibiotic-treated and in caesarean-born infants

Infants born by caesarean section or receiving antibiotics are at increased risk of developing metabolic, inflammatory and immunological diseases, potentially due to disruption of normal gut microbiota at a cr...

Authors: Katri Korpela, Anne Salonen, Outi Vepsäläinen, Marjo Suomalainen, Carolin Kolmeder, Markku Varjosalo, Sini Miettinen, Kaarina Kukkonen, Erkki Savilahti, Mikael Kuitunen and Willem M de Vos

Multi-scale characterization of symbiont diversity in the pea aphid complex through metagenomic approaches

Most metazoans are involved in durable relationships with microbes which can take several forms, from mutualism to parasitism. The advances of NGS technologies and bioinformatics tools have opened opportunitie...

Authors: Cervin Guyomar, Fabrice Legeai, Emmanuelle Jousselin, Christophe Mougel, Claire Lemaitre and Jean-Christophe Simon

Profiling the airway in the macaque model of tuberculosis reveals variable microbial dysbiosis and alteration of community structure

The specific interactions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), and the lung microbiota in infection are entirely unexplored. Studies in cancer and other infectious diseas...

Authors: Anthony M Cadena, Yixuan Ma, Tao Ding, MacKenzie Bryant, Pauline Maiello, Adam Geber, Philana Ling Lin, JoAnne L Flynn and Elodie Ghedin

Pediatric asthma comprises different phenotypic clusters with unique nasal microbiotas

Pediatric asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease in the USA, currently affecting ~ 7 million children. This heterogeneous syndrome is thought to encompass various disease phenotypes of clinically ...

Authors: Marcos Pérez-Losada, Kayla J Authelet, Claire E Hoptay, Christine Kwak, Keith A Crandall and Robert J Freishtat

Comparative analysis of rodent and small mammal viromes to better understand the wildlife origin of emerging infectious diseases

Rodents represent around 43% of all mammalian species, are widely distributed, and are the natural reservoirs of a diverse group of zoonotic viruses, including hantaviruses, Lassa viruses, and tick-borne encep...

Authors: Zhiqiang Wu, Liang Lu, Jiang Du, Li Yang, Xianwen Ren, Bo Liu, Jinyong Jiang, Jian Yang, Jie Dong, Lilian Sun, Yafang Zhu, Yuhui Li, Dandan Zheng, Chi Zhang, Haoxiang Su, Yuting Zheng…

Host-microbiome interactions and recent progress into understanding the biology of acne vulgaris

Acne is one of the most common skin diseases worldwide and results in major health care costs and significant morbidity to severely affected individuals. However, the pathophysiology of this disorder is not we...

Authors: Alan M. O’Neill and Richard L. Gallo

Hidden in plain sight—highly abundant and diverse planktonic freshwater Chloroflexi

Representatives of the phylum Chloroflexi, though reportedly highly abundant in the extensive deep water habitats of both marine (SAR202 up to 30% of total prokaryotes) and freshwater (CL500-11 up to 26% of total...

Authors: Maliheh Mehrshad, Michaela M Salcher, Yusuke Okazaki, Shin-ichi Nakano, Karel Šimek, Adrian-Stefan Andrei and Rohit Ghai

Pathogenic functions of host microbiota

It is becoming evident that certain features of human microbiota, encoded by distinct autochthonous taxa, promote disease. As a result, borders between the so-called opportunistic pathogens, pathobionts, and c...

Authors: Silke Rath, Tatjana Rud, André Karch, Dietmar Helmut Pieper and Marius Vital

Genomes from uncultivated prokaryotes: a comparison of metagenome-assembled and single-amplified genomes

Prokaryotes dominate the biosphere and regulate biogeochemical processes essential to all life. Yet, our knowledge about their biology is for the most part limited to the minority that has been successfully cu...

Authors: Johannes Alneberg, Christofer M. G. Karlsson, Anna-Maria Divne, Claudia Bergin, Felix Homa, Markus V. Lindh, Luisa W. Hugerth, Thijs J. G. Ettema, Stefan Bertilsson, Anders F. Andersson and Jarone Pinhassi

Linking gut microbiota, metabolic syndrome and economic status based on a population-level analysis

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) epidemic is associated with economic development, lifestyle transition and dysbiosis of gut microbiota, but these associations are rarely studied at the population scale. Here, we...

Authors: Yan He, Wei Wu, Shan Wu, Hui-Min Zheng, Pan Li, Hua-Fang Sheng, Mu-Xuan Chen, Zi-Hui Chen, Gui-Yuan Ji, Zhong-Dai-Xi Zheng, Prabhakar Mujagond, Xiao-Jiao Chen, Zu-Hua Rong, Peng Chen, Li-Yi Lyu, Xian Wang…

A reverse metabolic approach to weaning: in silico identification of immune-beneficial infant gut bacteria, mining their metabolism for prebiotic feeds and sourcing these feeds in the natural product space

Weaning is a period of marked physiological change. The introduction of solid foods and the changes in milk consumption are accompanied by significant gastrointestinal, immune, developmental, and microbial ada...

Authors: Samanta Michelini, Biju Balakrishnan, Silvia Parolo, Alice Matone, Jane A. Mullaney, Wayne Young, Olivier Gasser, Clare Wall, Corrado Priami, Rosario Lombardo and Martin Kussmann

Grazing-induced microbiome alterations drive soil organic carbon turnover and productivity in meadow steppe

Grazing is a major modulator of biodiversity and productivity in grasslands. However, our understanding of grazing-induced changes in below-ground communities, processes, and soil productivity is limited. Here...

Authors: Weibing Xun, Ruirui Yan, Yi Ren, Dongyan Jin, Wu Xiong, Guishan Zhang, Zhongli Cui, Xiaoping Xin and Ruifu Zhang

The gut of the finch: uniqueness of the gut microbiome of the Galápagos vampire finch

Darwin’s finches are a clade of 19 species of passerine birds native to the Galápagos Islands, whose biogeography, specialized beak morphologies, and dietary choices—ranging from seeds to blood—make them a cla...

Authors: Alice J. Michel, Lewis M. Ward, Shana K. Goffredi, Katherine S. Dawson, Daniel T. Baldassarre, Alec Brenner, Kiyoko M. Gotanda, John E. McCormack, Sean W. Mullin, Ariel O’Neill, Gabrielle S. Tender, J. Albert C. Uy, Kristie Yu, Victoria J. Orphan and Jaime A. Chaves

A metagenomics roadmap to the uncultured genome diversity in hypersaline soda lake sediments

Hypersaline soda lakes are characterized by extreme high soluble carbonate alkalinity. Despite the high pH and salt content, highly diverse microbial communities are known to be present in soda lake brines but...

Authors: Charlotte D. Vavourakis, Adrian-Stefan Andrei, Maliheh Mehrshad, Rohit Ghai, Dimitry Y. Sorokin and Gerard Muyzer

Metatranscriptomics reveals a differential temperature effect on the structural and functional organization of the anaerobic food web in rice field soil

The expected increase in global surface temperature due to climate change may have a tremendous effect on the structure and function of the anaerobic food web in flooded rice field soil. Here, we used the meta...

Authors: Jingjing Peng, Carl-Eric Wegner, Qicheng Bei, Pengfei Liu and Werner Liesack

Dynamics of microbial populations mediating biogeochemical cycling in a freshwater lake

Microbial processes are intricately linked to the depletion of oxygen in in-land and coastal water bodies, with devastating economic and ecological consequences. Microorganisms deplete oxygen during biomass de...

Authors: Keith Arora-Williams, Scott W. Olesen, Benjamin P. Scandella, Kyle Delwiche, Sarah J. Spencer, Elise M. Myers, Sonali Abraham, Alyssa Sooklal and Sarah P. Preheim

Predicting recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection following encapsulated fecal microbiota transplantation

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI). The use of freeze-dried, encapsulated donor material for FMT (cap-FMT) allows for an easy rou...

Authors: Christopher Staley, Thomas Kaiser, Byron P. Vaughn, Carolyn T. Graiziger, Matthew J. Hamilton, Tauseef ur Rehman, Kevin Song, Alexander Khoruts and Michael J. Sadowsky

Single-cell genomics of co-sorted Nanoarchaeota suggests novel putative host associations and diversification of proteins involved in symbiosis

Nanoarchaeota are obligate symbionts of other Archaea first discovered 16 years ago, yet little is known about this largely uncultivated taxon. While Nanoarchaeota diversity has been detected in a variety of habi...

Authors: Jessica K. Jarett, Stephen Nayfach, Mircea Podar, William Inskeep, Natalia N. Ivanova, Jacob Munson-McGee, Frederik Schulz, Mark Young, Zackary J. Jay, Jacob P. Beam, Nikos C. Kyrpides, Rex R. Malmstrom, Ramunas Stepanauskas and Tanja Woyke

Prokaryotic horizontal gene transfer within the human holobiont: ecological-evolutionary inferences, implications and possibilities

The ubiquity of horizontal gene transfer in the living world, especially among prokaryotes, raises interesting and important scientific questions regarding its effects on the human holobiont i.e., the human an...

Authors: Ramakrishnan Sitaraman

Lignocellulose degradation at the holobiont level: teamwork in a keystone soil invertebrate

Woodlice are recognized as keystone species in terrestrial ecosystems due to their role in the decomposition of organic matter. Thus, they contribute to lignocellulose degradation and nutrient cycling in the e...

Authors: Marius Bredon, Jessica Dittmer, Cyril Noël, Bouziane Moumen and Didier Bouchon

Restriction enzyme digestion of host DNA enhances universal detection of parasitic pathogens in blood via targeted amplicon deep sequencing

Targeted amplicon deep sequencing (TADS) of the 16S rRNA gene is commonly used to explore and characterize bacterial microbiomes. Meanwhile, attempts to apply TADS to the detection and characterization of enti...

Authors: Briana R. Flaherty, Eldin Talundzic, Joel Barratt, Kristine J. Kines, Christian Olsen, Meredith Lane, Mili Sheth and Richard S. Bradbury

Longitudinal development of the dust microbiome in a newly opened Norwegian kindergarten

In Norway, 91% of children aged 1–5 attend kindergarten where they are exposed to indoor microbiomes which can have relevance for development and health. In order to gain a better understanding of the composit...

Authors: Anders B. Nygaard and Colin Charnock

MetaWRAP—a flexible pipeline for genome-resolved metagenomic data analysis

The study of microbiomes using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing enables the analysis of uncultivated microbial populations that may have important roles in their environments. Extracting individual draft ge...

Authors: Gherman V. Uritskiy, Jocelyne DiRuggiero and James Taylor

Translating research to policy at the NCSE 2017 symposium “Microbiology of the Built Environment: Implications for Health and Design”

Here, we summarize a symposium entitled “Microbiology of the Built Environment: Implications for Health and Design” that was presented at the National Council for Science and the Environment (NCSE) 17th Nation...

Authors: Ashleigh Bope, Mark H. Weir, Amy Pruden, Michael Morowitz, Jade Mitchell and Karen C. Dannemiller

Root exudates drive the soil-borne legacy of aboveground pathogen infection

Plants are capable of building up beneficial rhizosphere communities as is evidenced by disease-suppressive soils. However, it is not known how and why soil bacterial communities are impacted by plant exposure...

Authors: Jun Yuan, Jun Zhao, Tao Wen, Mengli Zhao, Rong Li, Pim Goossens, Qiwei Huang, Yang Bai, Jorge M. Vivanco, George A. Kowalchuk, Roeland L. Berendsen and Qirong Shen

Dichotomous development of the gut microbiome in preterm infants

Preterm infants are at risk of developing intestinal dysbiosis with an increased proportion of Gammaproteobacteria. In this study, we sought the clinical determinants of the relative abundance of feces-associa...

Authors: Thao T. B. Ho, Maureen W. Groer, Bradley Kane, Alyson L. Yee, Benjamin A. Torres, Jack A. Gilbert and Akhil Maheshwari

Quantification of variation and the impact of biomass in targeted 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies

Recent advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools have allowed for large-scale microbiome studies that are rapidly advancing medical research. However, small changes in technique or analysis ...

Authors: Jeffrey M. Bender, Fan Li, Helty Adisetiyo, David Lee, Sara Zabih, Long Hung, Thomas A. Wilkinson, Pia S. Pannaraj, Rosemary C. She, Jennifer Dien Bard, Nicole H. Tobin and Grace M. Aldrovandi

Alteration of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis and potential role in Th17 polarization

Psoriasis impacts 1–3% of the world’s population and is characterized by hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes and increased inflammation. At the molecular level, psoriasis is commonly driven by a Th17 response...

Authors: Hsin-Wen Chang, Di Yan, Rasnik Singh, Jared Liu, Xueyan Lu, Derya Ucmak, Kristina Lee, Ladan Afifi, Douglas Fadrosh, John Leech, Kimberly S. Vasquez, Margaret M. Lowe, Michael D. Rosenblum, Tiffany C. Scharschmidt, Susan V. Lynch and Wilson Liao

High-resolution ISR amplicon sequencing reveals personalized oral microbiome

Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene has been the standard for studying the composition of microbial communities. While it allows identification of bacteria at the level of species, this method does not usually pro...

Authors: Chiranjit Mukherjee, Clifford J. Beall, Ann L. Griffen and Eugene J. Leys

Enterobacteriaceae are essential for the modulation of colitis severity by fungi

Host-microbe balance maintains intestinal homeostasis and strongly influences inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Here we focused on bacteria-fungi interactions and their implica...

Authors: Bruno Sovran, Julien Planchais, Sarah Jegou, Marjolene Straube, Bruno Lamas, Jane Mea Natividad, Allison Agus, Louise Dupraz, Jérémy Glodt, Grégory Da Costa, Marie-Laure Michel, Philippe Langella, Mathias L. Richard and Harry Sokol

Detecting eukaryotic microbiota with single-cell sensitivity in human tissue

Fetal growth restriction, pre-eclampsia, and pre-term birth are major adverse pregnancy outcomes. These complications are considerable contributors to fetal/maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. A signif...

Authors: Susanne Lager, Marcus C. de Goffau, Ulla Sovio, Sharon J. Peacock, Julian Parkhill, D. Stephen Charnock-Jones and Gordon C. S. Smith

Influence of cigarette smoking on the human duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota

Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor in a number of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in which the microbiota is implicated, including duodenal ulcer and Crohn’s disease. Smoking has the potential to alter th...

Authors: Erin R. Shanahan, Ayesha Shah, Natasha Koloski, Marjorie M. Walker, Nicholas J. Talley, Mark Morrison and Gerald J. Holtmann

A multi-source domain annotation pipeline for quantitative metagenomic and metatranscriptomic functional profiling

Biochemical and regulatory pathways have until recently been thought and modelled within one cell type, one organism and one species. This vision is being dramatically changed by the advent of whole microbiome...

Authors: Ari Ugarte, Riccardo Vicedomini, Juliana Bernardes and Alessandra Carbone

Factors shaping the gut bacterial community assembly in two main Colombian malaria vectors

The understanding of the roles of gut bacteria in the fitness and vectorial capacity of mosquitoes that transmit malaria, is improving; however, the factors shaping the composition and structure of such bacter...

Authors: Priscila Bascuñán, Juan Pablo Niño-Garcia, Yadira Galeano-Castañeda, David Serre and Margarita M. Correa

Skin microbiome of coral reef fish is highly variable and driven by host phylogeny and diet

The surface of marine animals is covered by abundant and diversified microbial communities, which have major roles for the health of their host. While such microbiomes have been deeply examined in marine inverteb...

Authors: Marlène Chiarello, Jean-Christophe Auguet, Yvan Bettarel, Corinne Bouvier, Thomas Claverie, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Fabien Rieuvilleneuve, Elliot Sucré, Thierry Bouvier and Sébastien Villéger

Soil microbiomes with distinct assemblies through vertical soil profiles drive the cycling of multiple nutrients in reforested ecosystems

Soil microbiomes play an important role in the services and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known of their vertical responses to restoration process and their contributions to soil nu...

Authors: Shuo Jiao, Weimin Chen, Jieli Wang, Nini Du, Qiaoping Li and Gehong Wei

Tracing mother-infant transmission of bacteriophages by means of a novel analytical tool for shotgun metagenomic datasets: METAnnotatorX

Despite the relevance of viral populations, our knowledge of (bacterio) phage populations, i.e., the phageome, suffers from the absence of a “gold standard” protocol for viral DNA extraction with associated in...

Authors: Christian Milani, Eoghan Casey, Gabriele Andrea Lugli, Rebecca Moore, Joanna Kaczorowska, Conor Feehily, Marta Mangifesta, Leonardo Mancabelli, Sabrina Duranti, Francesca Turroni, Francesca Bottacini, Jennifer Mahony, Paul D. Cotter, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe, Douwe van Sinderen and Marco Ventura

Chloroplast sequence variation and the efficacy of peptide nucleic acids for blocking host amplification in plant microbiome studies

The ability to efficiently characterize microbial communities from host individuals can be limited by co-amplification of host organellar sequences (mitochondrial and/or plastid), which share a common ancestor...

Authors: Connor R. Fitzpatrick, Patricia Lu-Irving, Julia Copeland, David S. Guttman, Pauline W. Wang, David A. Baltrus, Katrina M. Dlugosch and Marc T. J. Johnson

The wild side of plant microbiomes

Authors: Juan E. Pérez-Jaramillo, Víctor J. Carrión, Mattias de Hollander and Jos M. Raaijmakers

Resilience of the resident soil microbiome to organic and inorganic amendment disturbances and to temporary bacterial invasion

Vinasse, a by-product of sugarcane ethanol production, is recycled by sugarcane plantations as a fertilizer due to its rich nutrient content. However, the impacts of the chemical and microbial composition of v...

Authors: Késia Silva Lourenço, Afnan K. A. Suleiman, A. Pijl, J. A. van Veen, H. Cantarella and E. E. Kuramae

The tick endosymbiont Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii and selenoproteins are essential for the growth of Rickettsia parkeri in the Gulf Coast tick vector

Pathogen colonization inside tick tissues is a significant aspect of the overall competence of a vector. Amblyomma maculatum is a competent vector of the spotted fever group rickettsiae, Rickettsia parkeri. When

Authors: Khemraj Budachetri, Deepak Kumar, Gary Crispell, Christine Beck, Gregory Dasch and Shahid Karim

IDTAXA: a novel approach for accurate taxonomic classification of microbiome sequences

Microbiome studies often involve sequencing a marker gene to identify the microorganisms in samples of interest. Sequence classification is a critical component of this process, whereby sequences are assigned ...

Authors: Adithya Murali, Aniruddha Bhargava and Erik S. Wright

Trichoderma polysporum selectively inhibits white-nose syndrome fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans amidst soil microbes

Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), the causative fungal agent of white-nose syndrome (WNS), has led to the deaths of millions of hibernating bats in the United States of America (USA) and Canada. Efficient strate...

Authors: Amanpreet Singh, Erica Lasek-Nesselquist, Vishnu Chaturvedi and Sudha Chaturvedi

Viral and metabolic controls on high rates of microbial sulfur and carbon cycling in wetland ecosystems

Microorganisms drive high rates of methanogenesis and carbon mineralization in wetland ecosystems. These signals are especially pronounced in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, the tenth largest wetl...

Authors: Paula Dalcin Martins, Robert E. Danczak, Simon Roux, Jeroen Frank, Mikayla A. Borton, Richard A. Wolfe, Marie N. Burris and Michael J. Wilkins

CLOUD: a non-parametric detection test for microbiome outliers

Dysbiosis of the human gut microbiome is defined as a maladaptive or clinically relevant deviation of the community profile from the healthy or normal state. Dysbiosis has been implicated in an extensive set o...

Authors: Emmanuel Montassier, Gabriel A. Al-Ghalith, Benjamin Hillmann, Kimberly Viskocil, Amanda J. Kabage, Christopher E. McKinlay, Michael J. Sadowsky, Alexander Khoruts and Dan Knights

Breast cancer in postmenopausal women is associated with an altered gut metagenome

Increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota play a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The composition and functional capacity of gut microbiota associated with breast cancer have not been studied ...

Authors: Jia Zhu, Ming Liao, Ziting Yao, Wenying Liang, Qibin Li, Jianlun Liu, Huawei Yang, Yinan Ji, Wei Wei, Aihua Tan, Siyuan Liang, Yang Chen, Haisong Lin, Xiujuan Zhu, Shengzhu Huang, Jiarong Tian…

A metagenomic study of the gut microbiome in Behcet’s disease

Behcet’s disease (BD) is a recalcitrant, multisystemic inflammatory disease that can lead to irreversible blindness. Microbial agents have been considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease, but...

Authors: Zi Ye, Ni Zhang, Chunyan Wu, Xinyuan Zhang, Qingfeng Wang, Xinyue Huang, Liping Du, Qingfeng Cao, Jihong Tang, Chunjiang Zhou, Shengping Hou, Yue He, Qian Xu, Xiao Xiong, Aize Kijlstra, Nan Qin…

A prebiotic intervention study in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)

Different dietary approaches, such as gluten and casein free diets, or the use of probiotics and prebiotics have been suggested in autistic spectrum disorders in order to reduce gastrointestinal (GI) disturban...

Authors: Roberta Grimaldi, Glenn R. Gibson, Jelena Vulevic, Natasa Giallourou, Josué L. Castro-Mejía, Lars H. Hansen, E. Leigh Gibson, Dennis S. Nielsen and Adele Costabile

The gut microbiota drives the impact of bile acids and fat source in diet on mouse metabolism

As the gut microbiota contributes to metabolic health, it is important to determine specific diet-microbiota interactions that influence host metabolism. Bile acids and dietary fat source can alter phenotypes ...

Authors: Sarah Just, Stanislas Mondot, Josef Ecker, Katrin Wegner, Eva Rath, Laura Gau, Theresa Streidl, Genevieve Hery-Arnaud, Sinah Schmidt, Till Robin Lesker, Valentin Bieth, Andreas Dunkel, Till Strowig, Thomas Hofmann, Dirk Haller, Gerhard Liebisch…

Bacterial microbiota protect an invasive bark beetle from a pine defensive compound

There is growing evidence that some devastating biotic invasions are facilitated by microbial symbionts. The red turpentine beetle (RTB), an innocuous secondary insect attacking weakened trees in North America...

Authors: Chihang Cheng, Jacob D Wickham, Li Chen, Dandan Xu, Min Lu and Jianghua Sun