Fig. 4

Correlation of seed microbiome diversity with environmental variables. The figure shows the Pearson correlation coefficients between selected traits. The color and size of the square reflect the strength of the correlation. The non-significant correlations, with a p-value above 0.01, are indicated with a cross in the individual cells. The correlation coefficients are calculated using raw data, with a total number of 126 fonio accessions. PC1_microbes are the first PC axis from the PCoA analysis based on weighted UniFrac distances, which represents the microbiome variability. PC1_Foniois the first PC axis from the PCA analysis based on SNP frequncies taken from Abrouk et al. that represents the fonio gentic diversity. G_Latitude, G_Longitude, and G_Latitude are the geographical factors (G). C_Temperature (annual mean temperature), and C_Precipitation (annual mean precipitation) are the climate conditions (C). S_pH: the topsoil pH in water. S_Desntiy: the topsoil bulk density. S_Gravel: the topsoil gravel content are soil variable (S)