Table 1 Summary of demographics
|  | ART Naïve PLWH (Naïve) | ART Experienced PLWH (Exp) | Healthy Controls (HC) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N=67) | (N=33) | (N=42) | Naïve vs Exp | Naïve vs HC | Exp vs HC | |
Arm | Â | Â | Â | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.74 |
 Rural | 34 (50.7%) | 16 (48.5%) | 22 (52.4%) |  |  |  |
 Urban | 33 (49.3%) | 17 (51.5%) | 20 (47.6%) |  |  |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 0.53 | 0.73 | 0.79 |
 Female | 39 (58.2%) | 17 (51.5%) | 23 (54.8%) |  |  |  |
 Male | 28 (41.8%) | 16 (48.5%) | 19 (45.2%) |  |  |  |
Age (years) | 35 [19, 51] | 46 [19, 64] | 35.5 [18, 67] | <0.0001 | 0.69 | <0.0001 |
BMI (kg/m^2) | 22.7 [15.8, 33.4] | 20.2 [14.6, 27.8] | 22.6 [16.9, 35] | 0.018 | 0.32 | 0.004 |
BMI Category | Â | Â | Â | 0.057 | 0.22 | 0.014 |
 Severe Thinness <16.0 | 1 (1.5%) | 2 (6.1%) | 0 (0%) |  |  |  |
 Moderate Thinness <17.0 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.4%) |  |  |  |
 Mild Thinness <18.5 | 3 (4.5%) | 5 (15.2%) | 1 (2.4%) |  |  |  |
 Normal 18.5–24.9 | 51 (76.1%) | 22 (66.7%) | 28 (66.7%) |  |  |  |
 Overweight ≥25.0 | 10 (14.9%) | 4 (12.1%) | 10 (23.8%) |  |  |  |
 Obese ≥30.0 | 2 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (4.8%) |  |  |  |
CD4 T cells count (cells/μL) | 257 [10, 824] | 412 [77, 838] | NA [NA, NA] | 0.001 | NA | NA |
CD4 T cells (%) | 22.2 [0, 48.8] | 36.7 [0.1, 55.7] | 55.8 [27.8, 70.4] | 0.00037 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
CD4/CD8 T cell ratio | 0.3 [0, 1.3] | 0.7 [0, 1.5] | 1.7 [0.4, 3.3] | 0.00069 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
ART exposure (years) | NA [NA, NA] | 7 [1.8, 21.7] | 0 [0, 0] | NA | NA | NA |
Co-trimoxazole exposure (months) | 0 [0, 7] | 84 [0, 138] | 0 [0, 0] | <0.0001 | NA | NA |
Viral Load (copies/mL) | 26491 [36, 1159529] | 0 [0, 103] | NA [NA, NA] | <0.0001 | NA | NA |
Both Visit | Â | Â | Â | 0.2 | 0.88 | 0.27 |
 No | 7 (10.4%) | 1 (3.0%) | 4 (9.5%) |  |  |  |
 Yes | 60 (89.6%) | 32 (97.0%) | 38 (90.5%) |  |  |  |