Fig. 4

Clustering of genes differentially upregulated in symbiotic insects during the young adult bacterial dynamic. Gene expression of selected genes is given for the dual RNA-seq (first panel) and host RNA-seq (selected genes, RNA-seq panel) as examples. The color for the dual RNA-seq dataset follows the same color coding as Fig. 1. Expression profiles of clusters of genes highly prevalent in one or in more than one stage in symbiotic insects are indicated with dashed lines and are indicated with S followed by the profile number. Each profile was built based on the expression of different numbers of genes (indicated by n). The purple color indicates symbiotic insects whereas gray indicates aposymbiotic insects. Purple stars indicate in which stages we usually detected significant upregulation in symbiotic insects when compared to aposymbiotic insects within the RNA-seq dataset. Functional enrichment of symbiotic superclusters provides functions specifically regulated in symbiotic weevils. On the far right, the bacterial load during the young adult development is shown in purple