Fig. 2

FMT from dyslipidemic donors (FMT-dd) cannot induce dyslipidemia in rats. But FMT-dd combining with high-fat diet (HD) disrupted lipid homeostasis and altered gut microbiota in rats. a, g Experiment schematics. a After treatment of normal saline, rats were transplanted with fecal microbiota by gavage (Gav) or a combination of gavage and enema (Gav + Ene). g After pretreatment with normal saline (NS) or antibiotics (AT), rats were transplanted with fecal microbiota by gavage and fed with normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HD). b, h Body weight gain on the last week. c, i Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). d, k, l Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) plot based on the Bray–Curtis of gut microbial composition. e, m The α-diversity of the gut microbiota. n The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Differences of data were calculated by the one-way ANOVA in the GraphPad software. Source data are provided as a Source data file. *p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. Normal saline (NS); antibiotics (AT); normal control group (NC)