Fig. 1

Probiotics exhibited different degrees of degradation of lovastatin in vitro. A Percentage consumed at 6 and 12 h after lovastatin was incubated with 83 strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and one strain of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota. Bar charts and error bar charts represented the mean and standard error of n = 4 test repetitions. B Pharmacokinetics within 36 h: lovastatin cooperated with three representative probiotic strains and lovastatin (*p < 0.05). C The transcriptome differential gene expression of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A5 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A5 incubated with lovastatin at 6 time points (0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h). D The transcriptome differential gene expression of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum C3 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum C3 incubated with lovastatin at 6 time points (0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h). E The transcriptome differential gene expression of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota incubated with lovastatin at 6 time points (0 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h)