Fig. 1

A Relative abundance of orders in 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomes and number of MAGs in each order. Shotgun metagenome relative abundance was determined by read mapping to SSU rRNA genes with phyloFlash. B Phylogenomic tree of the 57 high- and medium-quality MAGs with phylum, relative abundance in the metagenome (percentage of mapped metagenome reads), and relative transcript abundance (transcripts per million reads of genes in each MAG) indicated. The tree was constructed with the anvi’o Bacteria_71 set of single-copy genes for both bacterial and archaeal MAGs and midpoint-rooted. C Level of taxonomic novelty of the MAGs. The number of classified and unclassified genomes at each taxonomic level was determined according to its rank assignment and taxonomic placement by GTDB-tk