Fig. 2

Effects of melatonin on rumen microbiota compositions and function feature change in the in vitro fermentation model. A Alpha diversity. B Beta diversity. C Differences in bacterial phylum levels by 16S rRNA sequencing. D Differences in the levels of g_Prevotellaceae by 16S rRNA sequencing. E Differences in Archaea phylum levels by metagenome sequencing. F Differences in fungi phylum levels by metagenome sequencing. G Differences in methanogens genus levels by metagenome sequencing. H Differences in protozoon genus levels by metagenome sequencing. I KOG (EuKaryotic Orthologous Groups) Function Classification of Consensus Sequence. J COG (Clusters of Orthologous Groups) Function Classification of Consensus Sequence. K KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) classification. L GO (Gene Ontology) classification. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (N = 6 for control, N = 6 for melatonin groups). The P-values were identified on each of the graph