Fig. 6
From: Pathobionts from chemically disrupted gut microbiota induce insulin-dependent diabetes in mice
MF 13079 translocated from the gut to the pancreas and induce IDD when in competition with a complex gut microbiota. A The butyrate content in the cecum of FMNC and FMNC+Muri mice. FMNC, n=10; FMNC+Muri, n=10. B Cramp expression in the pancreas of FMNC and FMNC+Muri mice. FMNC, n=5; FMNC+Muri, n=5. C The amount of the MF 13079 in the pancreas of FMNC+Muri and FMNC mice assessed with the method described in Fig. 3F. FMNC, n=4; FMNC+Muri, n=5. D Flow cytometry evaluation of leukocyte subtypes in the pancreas of FMNC+Muri and FMNC mice. Data are presented as the frequency of gated cells (left to right: F4/80+ macrophages, CD3+ cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and Foxp3+ CD4+ cells) among the CD45+ population of cells per mouse. FMNC, n=4; FMNC+Muri, n=4. Blood glucose (E) and insulin (F) levels of FMNC+Muri and FMNC mice as measured by an OGTT (the AUC is shown in the inset graph). For (E), FMNC, n=10; FMNC+Muri, n=10. For (F), FMNC, n=8; FMNC+Muri, n=10. FMDSS, antibiotic cocktail-treated mice inoculated with the fecal microbiota from mice in the DSS group and provided pure water; FMNC+Muri, antibiotic cocktail-treated mice inoculated with a mixture of the fecal microbiota of the NC group and the MF 13079 strain and provided pure water. In (A)-(F), the data are shown as the mean ± SEM, and Student’s t-test (two-tailed) was used to analyze the differences between the FMNC and FMNC+Muri groups. *P <0.05 and **P <0.01