Fig. 5

Association between bile acids and immune cell functions. A T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (T-SNE) plot of expressing scores of bile acid receptors (BARs) in immune cells. Red spots represent cells that express BARs. B Expression of bile acid receptor genes in each cell cluster. The color represents the expression level of BARs, and the size of the dots represents the percentage of the cells that express the genes. C The comparison of GPBAR1 and NR1H3 expression in CD14⁺MON and FCGR3A⁺MON cells isolated from a LNF cow and a HNF cow. The analysis included a total of 1568 CD14⁺MON and FCGR3A⁺MON from both cows. D Top 20 enriched biological processes from downregulated DEGs of CD14⁺MON cells isolated from HNF cow compared to LFN cow. E Association between the expression of genes related to bile acid metabolism and down-regulated functions of CD14⁺MON