Fig. 6

R. gnavus restores oral tolerance in γδ^−/− mice. a WT and γδ^−/− mice were gavaged with R. gnavus once a week for 4 weeks. One week later, half of each group were fed OVA in the drinking water for 5 days. OVA continuous feeding was stopped and 2 days later mice were immunized with OVA/CFA. b Responsiveness to OVA was measured by splenocyte proliferation upon 100 µg/mL of OVA stimulation. Data are mean ± SEM; n=4–5 mice/group; one-way ANOVA. c–e FACS plots and bar graphs showing frequencies of live CD3⁺CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ (c) and CD3⁺CD4⁺IL-17A⁺ (d) from small intestine lamina propria (SILP), and migratory cDC1s (MHC-II^highCD11c⁺CD11b⁻CD103⁺XCR1⁺Sirpα⁻) and cDC2s (MHC-II^highCD11c⁺CD11b⁺CD103⁺XCR1⁻Sirpα⁺) (e) from the mesenteric lymph node (mLN) of mice colonized or not (PBS) with R. gnavus before OVA/CFA immunization. e FACS plots and bar graphs showing frequencies of live CD11b⁺CD103⁻CX3CR1⁺IL-10⁺ mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) in the SILP of IL-10-GFP reporter mice treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 3 days and colonized 2 days later with WT microbiota, γδ^−/− microbiota or γδ^−/− microbiota + R. gnavus (Rg). Data are mean ± SEM; n=5–10 mice/group; one-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. Results are representative of at least two independent experiments