Fig. 2

Th17 cell-inducing bacteria are increased in the microbiome of depressed patients compared to healthy controls. A LDA is the linear discriminant analysis value from LEfSe and represents the species significantly increased in depressed patients (green) or healthy controls (red) from the analysis of Fig. 1. B Fecal relative 16S expression of 15 Th17 cell-inducing bacteria was analyzed by q-PCR. Each symbol represents an individual subject. Data are means ± SEM. N = 9–10 subjects/group, Mann Whitney, U = 20, *p < 0.05 (Clostridium bolteae, Clostridium symbiosum), U = 25, p = 0.0630 (Clostridium hathewayi)