Fig. 6

Proposed regulatory networks involved in anti-infection associated metabolism pathway in C. semilaevis. A Steroid, steroid hormone, and bile acid (BA) biosynthesis metabolism. B Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). C Immune signaling transduction pathways. The enriched pathway of the DEGs (|log₂(FoldChange)| > 1 and adjusted p < 0.05) that have significant associations (Spearman rank correlations ≥ 0.5 or ≤ −0.5, hypothesis test, p < 0.05) with microbes (relative abundance ≥ 0.1% and coverage > 10% samples) were selected. Differences in host gene expression and microbe abundances in two families are shown along the pathway: the red bold words were the KOs that were involved in the anti-infection associated metabolism pathways. The upward and downward red arrows indicate the DEGs were up-expressed and down-expressed in the resistant family, respectively. While the upward and downward purple arrows indicate the microbes were more abundant in the resistant (orange box) and susceptible families (green box), respectively. The red and blue boxes in the top right sub-figure represent the abundance (TPM) of genes in the resistant and susceptible families, respectively. While the orange and green boxes in the top right sub-figure represent the relative abundance of intestinal microbes in the resistant and susceptible families, respectively. “*” means the microbes were significantly differentiated (p < 0.05) in relative abundance between the resistant and susceptible families of C. semilaevis