Fig. 4

Distinct taxonomic profiles of the bacterial community. Taxonomic profiles of bacterial communities as whole or corresponding subsets of ARB populations were found to be distinct in both the influent (IN) and activated sludge (AS). Bacterial communities as a whole (i.e., all nanopore reads that could be taxonomically classified) and ARB populations (i.e., ARG-carrying reads that could be taxonomically classified, regardless of their genetic location on chromosomes, plasmids, or unidentified) are shown (a) clustered separately on an NMDS plot based on taxon abundances and (b) as representing distinct proportions of the ten most abundant phyla. The ellipses on panel A indicate 95% confidence interval among samples in a group