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Table 2 Pre-circumcision levels of soluble immune factors in the urethra and the coronal sulcus

From: Immune milieu and microbiome of the distal urethra in Ugandan men: impact of penile circumcision and implications for HIV susceptibility

Immune factor (pg/ml)

Urethra (median; Q1-Q3)

Coronal sulcus (median; Q1-Q3)

P value (inter-site difference)

sE-cadherin

111,927.83 (67,948.42-163,766.44)

15,843.23 (4393.86-60,484.44)

< 0.001

IL-1α

45.90 (30.48-78.39)

361.12 (169.82-529.78)

< 0.001

IL-1β

4.45 (2.07-11.07)

9.09 (3.56-29.60)

0.006

IL-8

871.51 (341.92-1703.33)

33.87 (12.75-191.28)

< 0.001

MIP-1β

13.71 (4.25-25.99)

4.19 (2.10-6.82)

< 0.001

MMP-9

33,608.41 (6138.33-54,037.42)

161.62 (52.28-1158.10)

< 0.001

Resistin

2680.62 (691.89-4429.02)

109.30 (44.28-911.86)

< 0.001

TIMP-1

23,836.69 (14,432.54-52,817.63)

2155.23 (486.38-5018.20)

< 0.001

VEGF

232.70 (103.21-640.80)

143.94 (57.52-276.79)

0.147