Fig. 1

Acute pancreatitis was exacerbated in Hpa-Tg mice. a In WT mice, Hpa mRNA expression in control (n = 5) and AP (n = 9) was compared. Data were from GEO database GSE65146. b AP induction experimental design. WT and Hpa-Tg littermates were fasted for 12 h and injected with either Cn or SW. Mice were sacrificed 1 h after the last injection. c Pancreas (g)/body weight (g) × 1‰. d Serum amylase. e Serum lipase. f Representative images of pancreatic H&E staining. g Histologic score. h Serum TNF-α measured by ELISA. i Serum IL-6 measured by ELISA. b–i n = 6 individuals/group. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Differences of data between two groups were assessed by unpaired, two-tailed t test (a). Differences of data between multiple groups were assessed by ordinary one-way ANOVA (b–i). Exact p levels were all provided. Scale bars, 500 and 200 μm, respectively. AP, acute pancreatitis; Cn, caerulein; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus database; Hpa-Tg, heparanase-transgenic; SW, sterile water; WT, wild type