Fig. 2

The neoproterozoic age of Antarctic cryptoendolithic clades. a Summary of Bayesian divergence estimates indicate that most of the oldest lineages of Antarctic cryptoendoliths originated during the Neoproterozoic (1000-541 Ma). For each of the orders we show the origin of the order (OO: the split of the order from the closest order), the origin of the oldest uniquely Antarctic clade (AOO1: the split of the Antarctic calde from a non-Antarctic lineage of the same order), and, where present, the origin of the second oldest antarctic clade (AOO2) in each order. b Bayesian divergence tree of the Acetobacterales and c of the Frankiales with the Antarctic clades highlighted in red. Time-trees for all other orders are in Supplementary Data. The shaded grey areas in a identify geological eras, while those in b and c identify the Tonian and Cryogenian periods of the Neoproterozoic era; pink area in b and c identify a period compatible with glacial Antarctica. Bars at nodes are uncertainties expressed as 95% of high posterior densities