Much ado about nothing? Off-target amplification can lead to false-positive bacterial brain microbiome detection in healthy and Parkinson’s disease individuals

Table 1 Experimental setting

Sample	Sample group	Sample collection	Sample handling	Sample input	DNA extraction
Human	OB, n= 19 (n= 9 PD, n= 10 HC)	Non- sterile	Sterile	Brain tissue	Proteinase K
	GFI, n= 20 (n= 10 PD, n= 10 HC)		Sterile
	PN, n= 8 (n= 6 PD, n= 2 HC)		Non-sterile
	Cortex, n= 3 (SC)	Sterile	Sterile
Murine	SPF, n=5 GRF, n=3	Non- sterile	Sterile	Brain tissue	Proteinase K
Murine	SPF, n=5 GRF, n=3	Sterile	Sterile	Brain tissue	Proteinase K
Controls	DNA extraction blank control (KitUKB), n= 3	NA	Sterile	Empty	Proteinase K
	Negative control (BF), n= 4	NA	Sterile	Tris-HCl buffer	Proteinase K
	Negative control (SW), n= 3	NA	Sterile	Sterile water	Proteinase K
	Positive DNA extraction control (mock community), n= 6	NA	Sterile	Serially diluted mock community	Proteinase K
	No-template control (KitQIB), n= 8	NA	Sterile	PCR reagents	No

OB olfactory bulb, GFI frontal inferior cortex, PN putamen, SPF specific pathogen free, GRF germ free, BF Tris-HCl buffer, SW sterile/autoclaved water, KitUKB kitome UKB, empty tube, KitQIB kitome QIB, PCR reagents, NA not applicable

ISSN: 2049-2618