Fig. 4

Inference of microbial genes involved in bile-acid and xenobiotic conjugate modification along the GIT of coprophagic and non-coprophagic mice. Inferred absolute abundance of the microbial genes encoding (a) bile salt hydrolases (cholylglycine hydrolases), (b) beta-glucuronidases, and (c) arylsulfatases throughout the GIT (STM stomach, SI2 middle third of the small intestine (SI) roughly corresponding to the jejunum, CEC cecum). KEGG orthology numbers are given in parentheses for each enzyme. In all plots, individual data points are overlaid onto box-and-whisker plots; whiskers extend from the quartiles (Q2 and Q3) to the last data point within 1.5 × interquartile range (IQR). Multiple comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test; pairwise comparisons were performed using the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test with FDR correction. N = 4 mice per group