A powerful microbial group association test based on the higher criticism analysis for sparse microbial association signals

Table 2 The p values for the individual (i.e., uHC_(h)’s and wHC_(h)’s for h ∈ {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}) and omnibus (i.e., uHC_A, wHC_A, and MiHC) higher criticism tests, the Simes test, and the other competing tests (i.e., aMiAD, aMiSPU, and OMiRKAT). (A) The association between respiratory tract microbiome and smoking status. (B) The association between the infant’s gut microbiome and delivery mode. (C) The association between the gut microbiome and type 1 diabetes status. (D) The association between the gut microbiome and human immunodeficiency virus status. * represents significant p values

Category		Method	A	B	C	D
Individual HC tests	Unweighted tests	uHC₍₁₎	0.024*	0.192	0.025*	0.009*
		uHC₍₃₎	0.023*	0.173	0.024*	0.008*
		uHC₍₅₎	0.023*	0.131	0.024*	0.007*
		uHC₍₇₎	0.022*	0.097	0.024*	0.007*
		uHC₍₉₎	0.022*	0.088	0.024*	0.007*
	Weighted tests	wHC₍₁₎	0.008*	0.063	0.026*	0.009*
		wHC₍₃₎	0.010*	0.042*	0.024*	0.008*
		wHC₍₅₎	0.013*	0.032*	0.023*	0.007*
		wHC₍₇₎	0.015*	0.025*	0.023*	0.007*
		wHC₍₉₎	0.015*	0.020*	0.024*	0.007*
Omnibus HC tests	Local omnibus tests	uHC_A	0.040*	0.129	0.029*	0.013*
	Local omnibus tests	wHC_A	0.016*	0.036*	0.029*	0.012*
	Global omnibus tests	MiHC	0.017*	0.044*	0.030*	0.012*
Non-HC tests		Simes	0.023*	0.163	0.191	0.170
		aMiAD	0.035*	0.449	0.346	0.012*
		aMiSPU	0.063	0.170	0.017*	0.181
		OMiRKAT	0.005*	0.001*	0.016*	0.150

ISSN: 2049-2618