Fig. 5

Global functional effects of berberine, ciprofloxacin, FOS and diclofenac. a Taxon-function distribution of protein groups responding to berberine, FOS, ciprofloxacin, and diclofenac. Responding protein groups were selected by PLS-DA based on ComBat-corrected data. The semicircle diameter represents the number of PLS-DA VIP > 1 protein groups corresponding to each phyla-COG category pair. b Genus level shifts in functional activities in response to berberine and the alterations in biomass of the corresponding genera. Functional shifts (differential protein groups) were identified by PLS-DA. For each genus, the percentages of the total numbers of up- and downregulated protein groups corresponding to each COG category are shown. Shifts in bacterial biomass in the five microbiomes are shown in box plots with the boxes spanning interquartile range (25th to 75th percentile) and the vertical lines denoting the median for each genus