Fig. 4

Comparison of Shannon’s diversity indices in cholelithiasis (n = 14) and control (n = 13) groups. The central rectangles represent interquartile ranges (IQR), the lines inside the rectangles show the median, and the whiskers indicate the maximum and minimum values. The dots outside the rectangles are suspected outliers (> 1.5 × IQR). Statistically significant differences (p value < 0.05) between groups were found (Mann-Whitney U test)