Fig. 4

Comparison of phylogenetic taxonomic affiliation and ARGs profile between influent and effluent multidrug-resistant cultures. a The composition and relative abundance of multidrug-resistant bacteria. b The diversity and abundance of ARG types detected in the influent and effluent multidrug-resistant cultures, ARG number per million base pairs was used for ARGs quantification. c Distribution pattern and genetic location of four ARG types (aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol). The outmost dots are colored according to the genetic location of the corresponding ARG subtype (i.e., blue: carried by plasmids; yellow: located on the chromosome), the width of inner ribbon represents the relative abundance of ARG subtypes in the two samples