Fig. 3

Annual trends in projects on the basic biology of and host/microbe interactions within the human microbiome, FY2012–2016. Annual trends in non-disease focused microbiome projects depicted; the sum of these projects over fiscal years 2012–2016 was $262M. These projects have been subdivided into four broad topics which included studies of microbial colonization of the host, physiology, and metabolism of microbial members of the microbiome, host immune system interactions with microbes, and microbial signaling between members of the microbiome and between host and microbe. Projects that focused on three additional broad topics of microbial properties were combined and depicted under “Other properties”