Fig. 4From: Restriction enzyme digestion of host DNA enhances universal detection of parasitic pathogens in blood via targeted amplicon deep sequencingEnzyme digestion markedly lowers assay limit of detection. (a) Reads per thousand for undigested (gray) and digested (black) 10-fold serial dilutions of P. knowlesi in whole human blood (n = 4, mean ± SD). (b) Log-transformation of reads per thousand from serially diluted samples suggests a limit of detection of 163 parasites per microliter for undigested samples (gray, r2 = 0.9852) and 15 parasites per microliter for digested samples (black, r2 = 0.9533) (n = 4 biological replicates, mean ± SD). (c) After deeper analysis, reads per thousand for undigested (gray) and digested (black) serial dilutions between 61 parasites per microliter and 0.72 parasites per microliter demonstrate a limit of detection of 40 to 60 parasites per microliter for undigested samples and 7 to 29 parasites per microliter for digested samples (two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons posttest, **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.005 n = 3, mean ± SD)Back to article page