Fig. 3

Operational taxonomic units differentially abundant during pregnancy and postpartum in women with GDM and normal glucose regulation. Volcano plot of estimated log₂ fold difference in operational taxonomic unit (OTU) abundance between women with (n = 50) and without (n = 157) gestational diabetes during pregnancy (a) and postpartum (b) between women with (n = 43) and without (n = 79) previous gestational diabetes and corresponding Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P values (Q) from negative binomial Wald tests as implemented in the DESeq2 R package. Prevalence indicates the percentage of participants in which a given OTU is present. Abundance indicates mean relative abundance (ppm) of a given OTU during the third trimester and postpartum. Names of OTUs differentially abundant at a 10% false discovery rate are given at the genus level