Fig. 1

MWD aggravates TNBS-induced colitis in offspring. a–g Maternal dams were fed either a WD or ND for 8 weeks before mating and continued through gestation and lactation. Post-weaning pups were subjected to WD and ND to generate four groups: N-N, N-W, W-N, and W-W groups. At the age of 8 weeks, four groups of pups were treated with TNBS to induce a CD-like colitis model. b Survival rates of mice (n = 10) were monitored daily after TNBS administration. c Body weight changes of mice (n = 6) were monitored daily after TNBS administration. d Representative images of mouse colon in N-N, W-N, N-W, and W-W groups treated with TNBS. e The mice were sacrificed on day 4, and their colon lengths were measured. f and g Colon sections were examined histologically. f Histology scores for colonic inflammation were measured. g Representative images of the H&E-stained colon sections of indicated groups (scale bars 100 μm). b, c, e, and f Data represent means ± SEM; *P < 0.05; **P< 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001; by two-way ANOVA. The data shown are representative of three independent experiments