Fig. 1

The worldwide distribution and plant phenotypes of domesticated and wild tetraploid wheats. A, B Phylogenetic tree of wheat samples and geographic distribution. The phylogenetic tree of tetraploid wheat genotypes was constructed based on their whole-genome sequences that were obtained from International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC). MEGA-X program was applied to generate neighbor-joining tree with 1000 bootstraps. C Three domesticated accessions (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccon) including D1 from different wheat-growing regions of España, D2 (Mexicanos), and D3 (Kazakhstan) and three wild emmer accessions (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) including W1 (Turkey), W2 (Syria), and W3 (Jordan) were calculated plant phenotypes like plant height, thousand grain weight, and ratios of seed length and width at the heating stage of these wheats. Error bars represent standard errors (n = 4). Different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), based on Kruskal–Wallis test