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Fig. 8 | Microbiome

Fig. 8

From: The gastrointestinal microbiome in dairy cattle is constrained by the deterministic driver of the region and the modified effect of diet

Fig. 8

Changes in fermentation schemes of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome during a grain-based diet challenge. a The different metabolic models (polysaccharide degradation and fermentation pathways) are displayed for significantly shifted strain-level genome bins (SGBs) in the rumen, jejunum, and cecum. Graphical representation of CAZymes, enzymes, genera, and pathways are based on functional annotations. The background colors of genera are based on the number of SGBs within significance. b The significantly shifted abundance of genomes encoded fermentative hydrogenases (group A1, A2, and B [FeFe]-hydrogenases) or electron-bifurcating hydrogenases (group A3 [FeFe]-hydrogenases) in at least one region in the grain-based diet. c Comparison of the specific terminal reductases and hydrogenotrophic acetogenesis (acsB) and fumarate reduction (frdBCD) between the forage-based (F) and grain-based (G) diets. Significance is based on the relative index of each cohort according to the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. RUM, rumen; RET, reticulum; OMA, omasum; ABO, abomasum; DUO, duodenum; JEJ, jejunum; ILE, ileum; CEC, cecum; COL, colon; REC, rectum

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