Fig. 1

Alpha diversity of rice-associated microbiomes. a Samples were collected from five microhabitats. Bulk, bulk soil; rhizo, rhizosphere; root, root endosphere; stem, stem endosphere; seed, offspring seed endosphere; seed-P, parental seed endosphere. n represents the sample numbers. b and c Chao1 and Shannon index of the microbiota of bulk soil from four regions. SY, Sanya; LF, Langfang; NC, Nanchang; XB, Xishuangbanna. Horizontal bars within boxes represent medians. Tops and bottoms of boxes represent the 75th and 25th percentiles, respectively. Statistical significance was determined using ANOVA and T-test. Lower letters represent the statistical differences at the 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). d and g Chao1 and Shannon index of the microbiota of different microhabitats from the six rice varieties aggregated from four regions. ns represents no statistical difference based on the T-test (p < 0.05). e and h Chao1 and Shannon index of the microbiota of different microhabitats from six rice varieties aggregated from four regions. Means with the same letters are not statistically different based on the T-test (p < 0.05). f and i Chao1 and Shannon index of the microbiota of different microhabitats collected from all the rice varieties and regions. Means with the same letters are not statistically different based on the T-test (p < 0.05). The indices (F and p-value) are displayed at the bottom of each graph