Table 1 Genomic characteristics of the Nitrospira MAGs. Differences between the mean of each feature across the different (sub)lineages were assessed by a Dunn’s test. For each feature, values with the same letter have means not significantly different from each other (p < 0.05)

Lineage I

48

91.0 ± 6.6 ^a

3.9 ± 0.5 ^b

3919 ± 404 ^a

58.8 ± 0.6 ^c

Lineage II (comammox clade A)

69

88.8 ± 8.2 ^a

3.6 ± 0.6 ^ab

3810 ± 557 ^a

55.5 ± 1.1 ^a

Lineage II (comammox clade B)

24

89.0 ± 6.1 ^a

3.4 ± 0.6 ^ac

3594 ± 719 ^a

56.0 ± 0.7 ^ab

Lineage II (lenta type)

10

88.3 ± 6.4 ^a

3.3 ± 0.5 ^abcd

3400 ± 354 ^ab

58.1 ± 0.5 ^bcd

Lineage II (others)

18

89.2 ± 6.3 ^a

2.4 ± 0.9 ^cd

2553 ± 870 ^b

58.2 ± 1.5 ^cd

Lineage IV type A

14

87.5 ± 8.8 ^a

4.1 ± 0.9 ^ab

4227 ± 1030 ^a

49.8 ± 0.9 ^e

Lineage IV type B

13

92.6 ± 4.9 ^a

2.4 ± 0.3 ^d

2359 ± 334 ^b

56.2 ± 2.9 ^abd

Other lineages

9

84.2 ± 9.7 ^a

1.9 ± 0.6 ^d

2095 ± 525 ^b

62.0 ± 1.3 ^c