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Fig. 1 | Microbiome

Fig. 1

From: Population structure of an Antarctic aquatic cyanobacterium

Fig. 1

Ace Lake in Antarctica and the abundance of Synechococcus-like species. a Images showing location of Ace Lake (68° 28′ S, 78° 11′ E) in the Vestfold Hills in East Antarctica. Depiction of Ace Lake meromictic strata: oxic-anoxic interface separating the oxic mixolimnion from the anoxic monimolimnion. Samples from 2006, 2008 and 2013–2015 were collected in summer (red crosses), winter (blue circles) and spring (green triangles). Salinity, lake temperature, sunlight and dissolved oxygen measurements based on published data [22, 25]; note that parameters vary with year and season, and data typical for summer are shown. Sunlight, depicted here as Loge of photosynthetically active radiation (μmol m−2 s.−1), penetrates up to 12 m in summer but only 2 m in winter [22]. b Stacked bar chart showing the relative abundance of the Synechococcus-like OTU in metagenome data from various lake depths (mixolimnion: surface, oxic 1, oxic 2; oxic-anoxic interface: interface; monimolimnion: anoxic 1, anoxic 2, anoxic 3), seasons (summer, red font: Dec, Jan, Feb; winter, blue font: Jul, Aug; spring, green font: Oct, Nov) and filter fractions (3–20 μm, light green bars; 0.8–3 μm, dark green bars). Data for the 0.1–0.8-μm filter fraction are not shown as the Synechococcus-like OTU relative abundances were minimal (≤ 0.3%) [25]. a and b The images of Vestfold Hills and Ace Lake, and Synechococcus-like OTU relative abundances, were modified from [25]. The image of Antarctica was taken from Google Earth (Image Landsat/Copernicus; Image US Geological Survey; US Dept. of State Geographer; Data SIO, NOAA, US Navy, NGA, GEBCO)

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