Fig. 4

RMT from mastitis cows to recipient mice activates mammary TLR4-cGAS-STING-NF-κB/NLRP3 signatures. Mice were subjected to RMT from the indicated donors, and the mammary glands were collected for western blotting. Representative western blots of the NLRP3 (A), NF-κB (E), and TLR4-cGAS-STING (H) signatures from different recipient mice were determined. Relative intensity analysis of NLRP3 (B), ASC (C), IL-1β (D), p-p65 (F), p-IκB (G), TLR4 (I), cGAS (J), STING (K), p-TBK1 (L), and p-IRF3 (M) from different groups was performed (n = 3). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (B–D, F, G, I–M), and ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey’s test (B–D, F, G, I–M). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 indicate significance