Fig. 2

Global transcriptional and metabolic shift in the liver of sika deer from birth to postweaning. a PCA of all hepatic expressed genes. PCA vector separates samples into age groups and is colored by gray, blue, and red circles, respectively. b A circular plot showing 10 significantly enriched pathways of the upregulated DEGs in liver. The DEGs were determined by the fold change ≥ 2 and a Benjamini-Hochberg-adjusted P-value < 0.05. The pink and light blue curves represent the comparison of day 70 vs day 1 and day 70 vs day 42, respectively. The number at out circle indicates the size of the gene sets in each pathway. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed by a one-side Fisher test based on the pathway annotations (full results were supplied in Table S2). c Comparison of the overlapped and specific upregulated DEGs and the enriched pathways in the liver. The pink and light blue circles represent the comparison of day 70 vs day 1 and day 70 vs day 42, respectively. d PCA of all sika deer hepatic metabolome samples. PCA vector separates samples into age groups and is colored by gray, blue and red circles, respectively. e PCA of the global metabolome liver are colored (gray to blue to red) to the age groups. f Heat map of metabolites differentially expressed across the different time points in the liver, constrained to the significant metabolites identified by VIP values (> 1), SAM, and/or ANOVA methods. Colors indicate the normalized relative concentration of each metabolite from minimum (blue) to maximum (red). From top to bottom: day 1: gray, day 42: blue, and day 70: red