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Fig. 4 | Microbiome

Fig. 4

From: Colonocyte-derived lactate promotes E. coli fitness in the context of inflammation-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis

Fig. 4

Effect of streptomycin and DSS treatment on intestinal inflammation and metabolite concentrations. A Schematic of treatment regimens. B–E Mice received 1.5% DSS in the drinking water or normal drinking water (mock). After 6 days of DSS treatment, mice were intragastrically administered either streptomycin (Strep) or water. Samples were obtained 9 days after start of the DSS treatment. B mRNA levels of iNOS (Nos2; black bars), TNF-a (Tnfa; gray bars), and MIP-2 (Mip2; white bars) in the cecal tissue as determined by RT-qPCR. C Combined histopathology scores describing the severity of cecal tissue damage. D, E Concentrations of butyrate (D) and lactate (E) in the cecum content measured by GC/MS. F, G Mice were treated with DSS and Strep as described above. Seven days after treatment start, mice were colonized with a 1:1 mixture of the E. coli wild-type strain (WT) and an isogenic mutant, as indicated. The competitive index represents the ratio of WT and mutant recovered from the cecum content. We assessed the contribution of LldD (F), Dld and YkgEFG (G). Columns and error bars represent the geometric mean and geometric standard deviation, respectively. In panel C, columns and error bars represent the mean and standard deviation, respectively. Each dot represents data from one animal. Statistical significance was determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. *, p<0.05; ***, p<0.001

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