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Table 1 Summary of study characteristics

From: Reproducible and opposing gut microbiome signatures distinguish autoimmune diseases and cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Categories

Disease

Country (ISO2)

No. of study

No. of case

No. of control

Age-range (years)

Sequencing type (no. of study)

Autoimmune

Type 1 diabetes

AU, AZ, CN, FI, DE, JO, MX, NG, PL, ES, SD, SE, NL, UK, US

13

568

893

1–47

16s (12) and shotgun (1)

Arthritisa

CA, CN, FI, FR, IN, IT, US

9

438

339

5–71

16s (8) and shotgun (1)

Multiple sclerosis

CN, BE, JP, US

7

272

328

12–50

16s

Systemic lupus erythematosus

CN, ES, NL

4

156

253

45–50

16s

Graves’ disease

CN

2

43

42

35–50

16s

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome

NL

1

39

965

40–55

16s

Pemphigus vulgaris

CN

1

18

14

44–45

16s

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis

CN

1

30

12

29–32

16s

Autoimmune hepatitis

CN

1

119

132

19–75

16s

Cancer

Colorectal cancer and adenoma

AT, CA, CN, DK, FI, FR, IR, IT, JP, MA, ES, US

27

1630

2131

40–70

16s (22) and shotgun (5)

Gastric cancer and adenocarcinoma

CN, KR, MN

6

498

467

50–58

16s

Pancreatic cancer and ductal adenocarcinoma

CN, US

3

76

58

55–68

16s

Prostate cancer

US

2

26

24

63–66

16s (1) and shotgun (1)

Cervical cancer

CN, US

2

50

51

48–60

16s

Lung cancer

CN

1

30

30

50–61

16s

Thyroid papillary cancer

CN

1

34

40

46–48

16s

Breast cancer

CN

1

43

90

49–51

Shotgun

Hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer)

CN

1

75

75

48–49

16s

GIT neoplasia

FI

1

63

13

43–70

16s

Total

-

27

84b

4208

5957

-

-

  1. aArthritis studies include ankylosing spondylitis (n = 1), enthesitis-related arthritis (n = 2), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n = 1), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 5), and spondyloarthritis (n = 1). bTwo studies investigated two different diseases. Countries — AT Austria, AU Australia, AZ Azerbaijan, BE Belgium, CA Canada, CN China, DE Germany, DK Denmark, ES Spain, FI Finland, FR France, IN India, IR Iran, IT Italy, JO Jordan, JP Japan, KR Republic of Korea, MA Morocco, MN Mongolia, MX Mexico, NG Nigeria, NL Netherlands, PL Poland, SD Sudan, SE Sweden, UK United Kingdom, USA United States of America