Fig. 6

Effect of Anaerotruncus colihominis and Enterococcus faecalis on EAE development and intestinal T-cell populations. A Schematic design. Mice were orally gavaged daily with PBS, Anaerotruncus colihominis, or Enterococcus faecalis for the entire duration of the experiment. Mice were immunized with MOG for EAE induction. B qPCR quantification of the relative abundance of Anaerotruncus colihominis (Anaerotruncus) and Enterococcus faecalis (Enterococcus) by measurement of 16S rRNA gene, referenced to universal bacterial 16S rRNA gene in conventionally raised B6 mice orally gavaged with Anaerotruncus colihominis (Anaero), Enterococcus faecalis (Entero), or vehicle (PBS). Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 5–8). Each point represents data from one mouse. Statistical comparisons are made using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ns, not significant (p > 0.05). C Mean EAE clinical scores overtime. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 8 mice/group); the Friedman test based on scores from 15 DPI until the end of the experiment and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001. D and E The proportion of Th17 cells (RORγt⁺ of CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^-FoxP3⁻ cells) in colon and ileum lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) of naïve conventionally raised mice orally gavaged with Anaero, Entero, or PBS. F and G The proportion of regulatory T cells (CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ of CD3⁺ cells) in colon and ileum lamina propria and mLN of naïve conventionally raised mice orally gavaged with Anaero, Entero, or PBS. H The ratio of regulatory and Th17 cells in colon and ileum lamina propria and mLN of naïve conventionally raised mice orally gavaged with Anaero, Entero, or PBS. I and J The proportion of RORγt⁺ regulatory T cells (RORγt⁺ of CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ cells) in colon and ileum lamina propria and mLN of naïve conventionally raised mice orally gavaged with Anaero, Entero, or PBS. Boxplots show the median and interquartile range (IQR) with error bars showing the range. Each point shows data from one mouse. Statistical comparisons are made using ANOVA with Tukey correction. *p < 0.05, ns, not significant (p > 0.05)