Fig. 5

The host intestine DEGs have strong family-specific associations with the intestinal microbiome in C. semilaevis. We selected the genus with relative abundance ≥ 0.1% and coverage > 10% samples, and the DEGs with |log2(FoldChange)| > 1.00 and adjusted p < 0.05 for correlation analysis. The horizontal bar in yellow and blue represents the gene with down- and up-expression in the resistance family, respectively. Only the Spearman rank correlations with p < 0.05 were considered as strong associations and were marked with “*” in the heatmap (p < 0.05). The red and blue cells in the heatmap indicate that the genes were positive and negatively correlated with microbes, respectively. The red genes indicated those enriched in the lipid metabolism and immune signaling transduction pathways