Fig. 3

Summary of key differential taxa between infants with FPIAP and healthy controls. A Significantly different taxa comparing infants with FPIAP to healthy controls (q < 0.20; absolute coefficient > = 0.05) when looking at sample subsets: 0–2 months, last pre-symptomatic, first symptomatic, and first resolved. Bars to the right are enriched in infants with FPIAP, while bars to the left are enriched in the controls. Number of samples in each group is shown under the name of the subset analyzed in that model (FPIAP, control). B Significantly different taxa (q < 0.20) when comparing infants with FPIAP to matched controls before their symptom onset (top section) and then during the symptomatic period (lower section) over the first 2 months of age. Association directionality and numbers are as in (A). C Relative abundance trajectories of the key differential taxa between FPIAP cases and controls identified in A and B across symptom states (from pre-symptomatic to symptomatic to resolved). “q” indicates q-value and “c” indicates coefficient. Only significant q- and c-values are shown. Both values are directly generated from MaAsLin2 analysis. All models in this panel take into account all five variables: (a) case/control or symptoms, (b) mode of delivery, (c) age at visit, (d) diet, and (e) probiotics use in the first year of life