Fig. 1

Performance of differential abundance analysis methods under the global null setting. Performance is assessed by the observed false discovery rate (FDR) level calculated as the percentage of the 1000 simulation runs making any false discoveries. The blue, yellow, red, and gray colors indicate the observed FDR level in (0, 0.5), (0.05–0.1), (0.1, 0.2), and (0.2, 1), respectively. Blue, yellow, red, and gray receive three (***), two (**), one (*), and zero (X) stars, respectively. The last column “score” indicates the total number of stars (*) each method receives