Table 1 Concentrations and proportions of SCFA in stool during prebiotic and control weeks, averaged across individuals. Significance was determined by generalized linear mixed models (see methods). Concentrations of stool expressed as mM are equivalent to mmol/kg (see methods)

 Acetate (mM)

47.4 [5.6 – 102.1]

46.9 [11.6 – 94.1]

0.52

47.2 [14.8 – 80.0]

0.18

50.6 [10.9 – 94.7]

0.39

 Propionate (mM)

13.1 [3.2 – 37.8]

13.1 [5.7 – 21.8]

0.41

12.3 [2.6 – 26.0]

0.015

14.4 [5.7 -29.6]

0.038

 Butyrate (mM)

12.1 [2.8 – 40.3]

12.4 [4.1 – 34.5]

0.26

10.2 [4.1 – 29.5]

0.002

10.9 [4.6 – 31.3]

0.29

 Total SCFA (mM)

75.1 [15.6 – 153.7]

72.7 [27.9 – 131.1]

0.67

68.6 [25.6 – 114.4]

0.038

76.4 [21.1 – 145.4]

0.51

 Acetate (%)

64.6 [41.9 -77.9]

63.7 [22.1 -74.6]

0.21

65.9 [45.9 – 86.8]

0.19

65.7 [44.5 – 74.9]

0.43

 Propionate (%)

18.4 [9.6 -36.2]

19.6 [8.1 – 34.7]

0.63

18.8 [4.5 – 35.4]

0.70

20.1 [10.3 – 36.4]

0.31

 Butyrate (%)

16.1 [8.0 – 32.9]

18.0 [11.2 – 55.1]

0.009

15.3 [8.6 -28.0]

0.027

14.6 [10.4 – 30.4]

0.006