Fig. 5

Identification of genera most impacted by antibiotic exposure in the preterm infant gut microbiome at week 1 and week 3. Genera that significantly differed in antibiotic-naïve and antibiotic-exposed infants at week 1 to week 3 was determined by pairwise Wilcoxon rank sum test followed by FDR correction for multiple testing. Among those organisms, shrinkage linear discriminant analysis was used to identify those with greatest effect size. Genera that were significantly differed in antibiotic-naïve and antibiotic-exposed infants (uncorrected p-value < 0.05, FDR < 0.1, and effect size > 0.3) are shown for organisms more abundant in antibiotic-exposed infants 3 (blue) or antibiotic-naïve infants (gold)