Fig. 5

Multiple predictive methods revealed pre-recurrence metabolic alterations mapping to host or microbiome-associated processes. Thirty-seven metabolites were significant in at least one analysis method for distinguishing CDI recurrent versus non-current status. These metabolites fell into one of three categories, reflecting altered host or microbiome activities. Dark orange or green colors indicate significance (FDR < 0.05 in univariate analyses; 95% cross-validated log-odds/feature importance interval not containing 1.0 for predictive models). Light orange or green colors indicate borderline significance (0.05 < FDR ≤ 0.10 in univariate analyses; 75% log-odds/feature importance cross-validated interval not containing 1.0 for predictive models)