Table 1 Fecal Concentrations of the most prevalent bile acids detected at baseline and 6 weeks of arabinoxylan or microcrystalline cellulose supplementation

Total bile acids

90140.7 ± 52067.3

75570.8 ± 36138.7

0.13

− 14569.9 ± 35493.8

76748.0 ± 45152.6

53400.4 ± 42156.7

0.03

− 23347.6 ± 41145.7

0.88

Primary bile acids

4240.6 ± 11609.1 ^a

1518.5 ± 3629.2 ^a

0.48

− 2722.1 ± 10503.0 ^a

214.0 ± 278.3

1457.7 ± 3939.2

0.46

1243.7 ± 3948.3

0.20

 Cholic acid

1289.4 ± 4663.3 ^a

623.9 ± 1541.4 ^a

0.77

− 665.5 ± 4094.5 ^a

49.9 ± 79.3

781.0 ± 2150.8

0.45

731.1 ± 2154.9

0.64

 Chenodeoxycholic acid

1392.3 ± 2752.4 ^a

2339.4 ± 6773.5 ^a

0.70

947.1 ± 6328.0 ^a

78.1 ± 96.4

640.2 ± 1739.7

0.46

562.1 ± 1748.3

1.00

 Glycocholic acid

16.2 ± 13.9

17.3 ± 13.8

0.78

1.1 ± 15.6

15.9 ± 18.8 ^a

9.0 ± 7.1 ^a

0.07

− 6.8 ± 14.6 ^a

0.18

 Glycochenodeoxycholic acid

16.3 ± 14.7 ^a

16.9 ± 12.3 ^a

0.90

0.6 ± 15.6 ^a

26.8 ± 32.9

13.1 ± 14.6

0.11

− 13.6 ± 34.2

0.15

 Taurocholic acid

6.5 ± 6.0

15.5 ± 37.4

0.61

9.0 ± 38.1

5.4 ± 5.7 ^a

8.5 ± 22.4 ^a

0.92

3.1 ± 21.2 ^a

0.59

 Taurochenodexycholic acid

11.9 ± 27.2

7.6 ± 13.5

0.69

− 4.3 ± 30.7

7.8 ± 10.1 ^a

6.7 ± 18.2 ^a

0.88

− 1.1 ± 21.0 ^a

0.76

Secondary bile acids

85635.9 ± 48491.8

69467.5 ± 35335.1

0.12

− 16168.4 ± 37401.2

76533.0 ± 45107.0

51941.9 ± 42028.7

0.03

− 24591.1 ± 41860.1

0.60

 Lithocholic acid

32898.7 ± 20028.4

24456.2 ± 14586.5

0.06

− 8442.5 ± 15869.9

31183.8 ± 15926.9

21373.9 ± 16591.2

0.06

− 9809.9 ± 18874.8

0.92

 Deoxycholic acid

46951.5 ± 31821.9

39324.1 ± 24346.5

0.28

− 7627.4 ± 26367.7

38305.5 ± 24802.5

25727.3 ± ± 21327.7

0.04

− 12578.2 ± 23022.2

0.88

 Glycolithocholic acid

2.4 ± 2.1

1.6 ± 1.3

0.30

− 0.8 ± 2.7

2.0 ± 1.6

1.4 ± 1.1

0.16

− 0.7 ± 1.8

1.00

 Glycodeoxycholic acid

18.5 ± 14.8

15.0 ± 11.1

0.45

− 3.5 ± 17.8

24.1 ± 24.4 ^a

8.3 ± 6.1 ^a

0.014

− 15.8 ± 24.4 ^a

0.20

 Taurolithocholic acid

0.8 ± 1.1

2.1 ± 4.6

0.20

1.3 ± 4.3

3.3 ± 5.9

1.1 ± 2.8

0.03

− 2.2 ± 4.0

0.018

 Allocholic acid

58.6 ± 81.7

56.5 ± 79.8

0.93

− 2.2 ± 106.5

21.7 ± 26.2

18.5 ± 26.0

0.58

− 3.2 ± 22.6

1.00

 Apocholic acid

742.1 ± 681.7

493.9 ± 246.7

0.15

− 248.2 ± 626.0

836.2 ± 1074.2 ^a

318.4 ± 177.8 ^a

0.009 *

− 517.8 ± 1009.5 ^a

0.88

 Alloisolithocholic acid

124.0 ± 103.4

110.0 ± 90.0

0.43

− 14.0 ± 65.7

187.2 ± 140.3 ^a

118.3 ± 99.5 ^a

0.07

− 68.9 ± 135.2 ^a

0.26

 Isolithocholic acid

1867.0 ± 1020.8

1524.4 ± 987.1

0.28

− 342.6 ± 1183.0

3133.7 ± 2649.2

1669.6 ± 2070.6

0.016

− 1464.1 ± 2298.5

0.11

 Hyodeoxycholic acid

145.7 ± 120.9

136.7 ± 119.8

0.80

− 9.1 ± 133.9

207.6 ± 192.2 ^a

96.0 ± 81.5 ^a

0.009 *

− 111.6 ± 185.4 ^a

0.08

 Dehydrolithocholic acid

215.6 ± 123.4

173.1 ± 108.2

0.16

− 42.5 ± 112.5

425.7 ± 759.4 ^a

187.1 ± 171.9 ^a

0.05

-238.6 ± 636.0 ^a

0.26

 Ursocholic acid

295.3 ± 642.2

307.1 ± 849.4

0.96

11.8 ± 1074.5

30.0 ± 51.2

259.7 ± 800.7

0.26

229.7 ± 804.7

0.66

 Murocholic acid

18.8 ± 19.8

12.1 ± 10.8

0.18

− 6.7 ± 18.7

13.5 ± 15.7

7.4 ± 6.4

0.07

− 6.1 ± 12.9

0.92

 Norcholic acid

9.5 ± 4.3

8.4 ± 4.7

0.23

− 1.1 ± 3.4

8.0 ± 5.1

6.2 ± 5.5

0.15

− 1.8 ± 4.8

0.39

 Nordeoxycholic acid

1.7 ± 1.2

1.4 ± 1.2

0.18

− 0.3 ± 0.8

2.5 ± 2.1 ^a

1.6 ± 1.4 ^a

0.06

− 0.8 ± 1.1 ^a

0.11

 7-Ketodeoxycholic acid

23.7 ± 67.6 ^a

19.3 ± 32.4 ^a

0.88

− 4.4 ± 57.1 ^a

5.1 ± 4.4

58.1 ± 188.1

0.45

53.0 ± 188.0

0.23

 7-Ketolithocholic acid

144.8 ± 422.4 ^a

30.7 ± 35.8 ^a

0.27

− 114.1 ± 393.6 ^a

11.0 ± 9.7

31.1 ± 79.6

0.46

20.2 ± 80.8

0.047

 12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid

9.7 ± 4.1

8.4 ± 5.5

0.03

− 1.4 ± 2.4

7.3 ± 3.1

6.7 ± 3.5

0.61

− 0.6 ± 4.2

0.75

 3βOH-5-cholestenoic acid

227.1 ± 154.4

225.5 ± 184.5

0.96

− 1.6 ± 145.9

120.5 ± 82.4

86.9 ± 33.3

0.07

− 33.6 ± 67.9

0.84

 7αOH-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid

1.7 ± 1.3 ^a

4.0 ± 4.0 ^a

0.04

2.3 ± 4.3 ^a

1.6 ± 1.3

1.4 ± 1.6

0.39

− 0.2 ± 0.9

0.0096 *

 Cholic acid 3-SO₄²⁻

65.5 ± 172.7

38.9 ± 147.1

0.96

− 26.6 ± 237.8

74.5 ± 202.6

0.8 ± 1.0

0.39

− 73.7 ± 202.4

0.90

 Lithocholic acid 3-SO₄²⁻

113.9 ± 263.0

83.1 ± 257.5

0.59

− 30.8 ± 275.2

34.4 ± 65.8 ^a

98.3 ± 301.0 ^a

0.39

63.9 ± 315.5 ^a

0.54

 Deoxycholic acid 3-SO₄²⁻

33.7 ± 96.7 ^a

616.9 ± 2293.9 ^a

0.78

583.3 ± 2290.2 ^a

274.3 ± 745.5

128.6 ± 428.1

0.39

− 145.7 ± 857.7

0.19

 Glycolithocholic acid 3-SO₄²⁻

5.0 ± 8.2

2.6 ± 1.3

0.27

− 2.4 ± 8.1

6.7 ± 8.2 ^a

4.4 ± 8.0 ^a

0.39

− 2.2 ± 12.1 ^a

0.94

 Glycodeoxycholic acid 3-SO₄²⁻

1.0 ± 1.0

0.6 ± 0.5

0.20

− 0.4 ± 1.1

1.2 ± 1.6 ^a

0.4 ± 0.4 ^a

0.39

− 0.8 ± 1.5 ^a

0.76