Fig. 4From: The bacterial density of clinical rectal swabs is highly variable, correlates with sequencing contamination, and predicts patient risk of extraintestinal infectionThe bacterial density of rectal swabs is strongly associated with piperacillin-tazobactam use. Bacterial density of rectal swabs was compared with clinical features and exposures using multivariable linear mixed-effect regression, stratified by matched case/control pair. Piperacillin-tazobactam exposure was associated with a 1.8 log fold decrease in bacterial density (β = − 1.83, p = 0.017). Bacterial density was positively correlated with patient age and medical comorbidities (as described by the Charlson comorbidity score) (increase in decade of age β = 0.43, p = 0.03; Charlson comorbidity score β = 0.45, p = 0.0040)Back to article page