Fig. 4
From: Glutamic acid reshapes the plant microbiota to protect plants against pathogens
Changes in microbial community structure coincident with amino acid treatment and correlation with disease occurrence. Plants in the greenhouse (8 m wide × 82.5 m length; 660 m2) were arranged in 7 longitudinal rows, 3 of which were untreated; 2% l-asparagine and 2% l-glutamic acid were applied by sprayer (HP-2010, Korea, 1.5 L discharge capacity/min) at intervals of 2 weeks. Mean disease incidence of 5 independent box plots; Box-and-whisker plot presenting boundaries of the rectangles indicate the 25th and 75th percent and the horizontal bars indicated the median and calculated by Tukey’s HSD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Red letters in the legend indicate when amino acids were sprayed. A Gray mold disease incidence, B strawberry flower infected by Botrytis cinerea, with brown spots on petals and fruits covered by conidia, C uninfected healthy flower. D Blossom blight disease incidence. E, F Strawberry flower and fruit infected by Cladosporium cladosporioides with dark leaf and calyx. G Ordination plot of NMDS analysis based on microbial diversity and relative abundance of ASVs (n = 5, 12 independent experiments). Four vectors correspond to disease incidence variables (for each block, n = 100 plants, 5 blocks represent independent experiments). For gray mold, low disease was < 15% and high disease incidence was 16 to 30%. Low incidence of blossom blight was < 20% and high incidence was 21 to 30%