Fig. 5
From: Microbiota in mesenteric adipose tissue from Crohn’s disease promote colitis in mice
Bacterial translocation into mesenteric adipose tissue is associated with development of colitis. a Representative images of mucous depth in the colonic section stained by alcian blue (Scale bar = 40 μm and 10 μm) from mice colonized with bacterial cocktail (A. pulmonis, 5-Mix or residual 4-Mix, 109 CFU/mouse/dose) or BHI in DSS-colitis model. b Mucous depth from mice treated with A. pulmonis, 5-Mix, 4-Mix, or BHI in the DSS-colitis model. c The quantity of A. pulmonis in mesenteric tissue from mice was assessed by qPCR in the DSS-colitis model. Results are shown as the mean± SEM. d Detection of A. pulmonis in the human mesenteric tissue (mAT) from CD patients and non-CD controls by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Mesenteric tissue sections were stained with DAPI (blue), A. pulmonis-specific probes (green dot) and EUB338 (red dot). (Scale bar = 10 μm). e The quantity of A. pulmonis in human mAT from CD and non-CD controls was assessed by qPCR. f The quantity of A. pulmonis in human mAT from CD patients with and without endoscopic recurrence was assessed by qPCR. g and h The quantity of A. pulmonis in human mAT (g) or mucous layer (h) from a new validation cohort. Each dot indicates an individual mouse. The statistical significance values are denoted as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. One-way ANOVA following Tukey’s multiple comparison test (b and c); two-tailed Student’s t-test (e–h)