Fig. 3
From: Polyamine metabolism links gut microbiota and testicular dysfunction
Spermine ameliorated testicular injury. a Testis index and sperm counts in epididymides. b Size and histology of testis (Id4 for spermatogonial stem cell; C-kit for differentiated spermatogonium; Scp3 for meiotic spermatocyte; Crem for late meiotic spermatocyte and round spermatid; Acrosin for haploid cell; Vimentin for sertoli cells). c Serum LH and FSH levels. d Testosterone levels and steroidogenic genes. e Inflammation factor and oxidative stress in testis. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 (n = 6)