Fig. 1

Taxonomic classification and functional capability of the rumen microbiota revealed by metatranscriptomic sequencing. A Cladogram showing the most abundant bacterial taxa (relative abundance ≥ 0.1% in at least half of the samples) determined by Kraken [26]. The six rings of the cladogram stand for phylum (innermost), class, order, family, genus, and species (outermost), respectively. The sizes of the circles indicate the mean average abundance of each taxon. B Heat tree displaying the functional capability of the rumen microbiota determined by MG-RAST [27, 28]. Each node represents the functional categories (up to three levels) and the edges determine where each node fits in the functional hierarchy. Node colors indicate the relative abundance of the functions at level 3 (functions ranged from the most detailed, level 3, to the least detailed category, level 1). C Cladogram showing the most abundant CAZymes determined by dbCAN [29]. The sizes of the circles indicate the mean average abundance of each CAZyme family. Cladograms were generated using GraPhlAn [39] and the heat trees were built using metacodeR [40] package. The two cladograms and the heat tree were created from an average data depicted from all animals (independent of FCR and included the four time points)