Fig. 5

Prophylactic EGCG attenuated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. a Diagram illustrating the experimental design employed in this study. b Kinetics of DAI scores following DSS treatment. c Daily body weight changes following DSS treatment. Data were presented as means ± SEM (n = 8 per group). Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001 relative to CON group; &P ≤ 0.05, &&P ≤ 0.01, &&&P ≤ 0.001 relative to EGCG group; #P ≤ 0.05, ##P ≤ 0.01, ###P ≤ 0.001 relative to DSS group. d Macroscopic pictures of colons and e the lengths of colon from each group (n = 8 per group). f Histological scores of colons (n = 6 per group) and g H&E stained colon sections. Concentrations of four representative pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β (h), IL-6 (i), IL-8 (j), and TNF-α (k) in the plasma. Concentrations of MPO (l), IL-6 (m), and TNF-α (n) in the colon. Data were presented as means ± SEM (n = 8 per group). Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001